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道德经

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道家人物志 · 先秦 · 生平有争议

老子传统归属

《道德经》传统上归于老子。以“道”为线索,谈自然、无为、柔弱与知足,在简短章句中探讨处世与治理。

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道德经 / 41

第四十一章

版本按章对照,不代表逐句校勘对应。

中文原文 / 原典;电子文本 Ching-yi Chen

观复随文注释 · 11 条

上士志识较高、能践道的人聞道,勤而行之﹔中士聞道,若存若亡若记得又若忘却﹔下士聞道,大笑之。不笑不足以為道。故建言古来立下的言说有之:明道若昧昏暗不明﹔進道若退﹔夷道若纇lèi,不平、瑕疵﹔上德若谷﹔大白若辱仿佛污垢不洁﹔廣德若不足﹔建德若偷刚健之德看似怠惰;偷,懈怠﹔質真若渝仿佛变易;渝读 yú﹔大方無隅没有棱角;隅,角﹔大器晚成﹔大音希聲听不见声响﹔大象無形﹔道隱無名。夫唯道,善貸善于给予、资助且成。

观复随文注释 · AI 辅助独立整理,待持续人工校订。释义以本章语境为依据;存在异说或底本疑讹的地方另作提示。原文及版本来源保留如下。

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上等的学道人听到道,勤勉实行;中等的学道人听到道,时记时忘;下等的学道人听到道,放声嘲笑。如果不被这种人嘲笑,反倒不足以显出道不同于俗见。因此古代成说讲:明亮的道仿佛昏暗,前进的道仿佛后退,平坦的道仿佛崎岖;最高的德像低谷,最洁白的像受了污辱,广大的德像有所不足,坚实的德像松缓,纯真的质地像会变动。最大的方正没有棱角,宏大的器物较晚完成,最大的声音反而稀微,最大的形象没有固定形状。道隐藏着,没有固定名称;只有道善于给予,又善于成全。〔校订:“大器晚成”按本站版本译,另有“大器免成”等异文。〕

观复白话释义:AI 辅助依据古文独立编写,已进行文本覆盖核对,未经人工学术审定;原典来源及电子底本署名、许可见对应中文版本。 · 查看原始版本

James Legge 英译 / James Legge(理雅各)

1. Scholars of the highest class, when they hear about the Tao, earnestly carry it into practice. Scholars of the middle class, when they have heard about it, seem now to keep it and now to lose it. Scholars of the lowest class, when they have heard about it, laugh greatly at it. If it were not (thus) laughed at, it would not be fit to be the Tao.

2. Therefore the sentence-makers have thus expressed themselves:—

'The Tao, when brightest seen, seems light to lack; Who progress in it makes, seems drawing back; Its even way is like a rugged track. Its highest virtue from the vale doth rise; Its greatest beauty seems to offend the eyes; And he has most whose lot the least supplies. Its firmest virtue seems but poor and low; Its solid truth seems change to undergo; Its largest square doth yet no corner show A vessel great, it is the slowest made; Loud is its sound, but never word it said; A semblance great, the shadow of a shade.'

3. The Tao is hidden, and has no name; but it is the Tao which is skilful at imparting (to all things what they need) and making them complete.

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